Secondary organic carbon quantification and source apportionmentof PM10 in Kaifeng, China
WU Lin , FENG Yinchang , WU Jianhui , ZHU Tan , BI Xiaohui , HAN Bo , YANG Weihong , YANG Zhiqiang
DOI:
Received December 12, 2008,Revised March 12, 2009, Accepted , Available online
Volume 21,2009,Pages 1353-1362
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During 2005, the filter samples of ambient PM10 from five sites and the source samples of particulate matter were collected in
Kaifeng, Henan Province of China. Nineteen elements, water-soluble ions, total carbon (TC) and organic carbon (OC) contained in
samples were analyzed. Seven contributive source types were identified and their contributions to ambient PM10 were estimated by
chemical mass balance (CMB) receptor model. Weak associations between the concentrations of organic carbon and element carbon
(EC) were observed during the sampling periods, indicating that there was secondary organic aerosol pollution in the urban atmosphere.
An indirect method of “OC/EC minimum ratio” was applied to estimate the concentration of secondary organic carbon (SOC). The
results showed that SOC contributed 26.2%, 32.4% and 18.0% of TC in spring, summer-fall and winter, respectively, and the annual
average SOC concentration was 7.07 g/m3, accounting for 5.73% of the total mass in ambient PM10. The carbon species concentrations
in ambient PM10 were recalculated by subtracting SOC concentrations from measured concentrations of TC and OC to increase the
compatibility of source and receptor measurements for CMB model.
